Prof. Arif Herekar spoke on the various causes of disability in all ages. According to him, disability can occur in the newborn, in the older children, in the adult population and the geriatric age (which is the older population). According to Dr. Arif, causes are different at difference ages. He said disability can be prevented specially in the newborn if the pregnant woman is counseled regarding dos and don'ts. Smoking, unnecessary medication, malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, lack of exercise, heart disease, diabetes; according to him can all be addresses
The above conditions in the female can be a cause of disability in the newborn. The neonate may be mentally or physically disabled. Physical disability according to him is usually called cerebral palsy, most of whom also involve the mentation.
In all strata of population, according to Dr. Arif epilepsy control is very important. According to him, there is huge chunk of epileptic patients in Pakistan. Improper treatment and medication induced hazards can leave brain traumatized. The recurrent seizures can cause brain damage. There is a great scarcity of good quality specialists treating epilepsy. There is need to bring in more specialist in the field .Teleconferences, symposia's and meetings need to be held so that our physicians are updated with the best treatment.
An important point that was brought up by Professor Arif was the recognition of the handicapped as an important and integrated part of our community and society. The handicapped should not be neglected and treated as second class citizens but should be given there due share and a status.Seats for the disabled are already there in the government these should be increased.
Together with the above, vitamin andcalcium deficiencies are very common in the Pakistani population and can be very disabling. They not only need to be addressed but addressed in time!! Since, there is a large chunk of population at the poverty and below poverty line malnutrition leaves many a child disabled Dieticians in the public sector need to be employed.
Another factor which causes disability in any population is stroke. Disability with stroke is hard to treat once it has occurred. As far as prevention is concerned, this disability can be prevented, if diabetes, heart disease, high lipid, obesity can be addressed. Proper diet and mobility are essential. In better centers which are not currently available with us, if the patient reports in the first three hours, which is called time window, medication like TPA can prevent stroke.
In the older population, a disease called dementia is a progressive disease which causes degeneration of the brain cells. According to Dr. Arif, some of these disorders can be controlled because they may result from deficiencies of vitamins, poor dietary intake, bad hygiene, infections and some of the diseases which can be treated in good medical centers.
In the Pakistani population infections are an important cause of disability. Meningitis and infection of the brain Encephalitis can cause moderate to severe long lasting disability especially in the child hood population
In the end, the message that they have given is that we need to address the issue of malnutrition, infections, bad hygiene, good clean maternity homes and centers for rehabilitation.
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